Norm Group: A norm group is a group of students from other schools who also took the CTP— usually students who tested around the same time of year (fall or spring) as your student and who are in the same grade as your student.

• Class Norm (CN): the group of students in a given classroom of your school.

• Grade Norm (GN): the group of students in the entire grade in your school.

• District Norm (DN): the group of students in the entire grade across all schools in the district.

• The Suburban Norm (SN) is comprised of students at suburban public schools who took the CTP at the same time of year as your student over the past three years.

• The Independent Norm (IN) is comprised of students from independent schools who took the CTP at the same time of year as your student over the past three years.

• The National Norm (NN) is comprised of students across the nation (based on a representative sample of all students in the U.S. at the relevant grade level).

• The Association Norm (AN) is comprised of students in an association of independent schools to which your student's school belongs. These students took the CTP at the same time of year as your student over the past three years.

Raw Score: Represent the number of questions correct on each subtest of the test. That score is then used on reports to determine the percent correct.

Scale Scores: Scale scores are based on the actual number of questions your student answered correctly as well as the difficulty level of those questions.

Percentile Rank: The percentile rank indicates how many students in a norm group had scores that were the same or lower than your student's score. A percentile does not indicate the percentage of questions that your student answered correctly.

Stanine: A stanine is another way of comparing your student's performance to the performance of students in a norm group. Stanines are calculated by dividing the students in the norm group into nine subgroups, called stanines, based on their scores. These stanines are numbered one to nine, lowest to highest, and different percentages of students fall into each stanine. The middle stanines include more students; those at either end include fewer students.